海南保存着我国仅有的几处热带雨林之一。系统获取热带雨林天空地数据,是热带雨林国家公园管理的前提,也是在全国建立陆地生态系统碳监测卫星主要森林类型产品生产方法的重要组成部分。2020年3月20日至2021年7月10日,借助全国林草资源调查机载平台获取并生产超过6 000km²,20TB航空大光斑激光雷达、小光斑激光雷达、可见光和近红外影像、超光谱影像原始数据和产品,完成170个森林调查样地、183个控制点和17个检查面。这些数据与高分七号、GEDI数据一起,构成了覆盖海南热带雨林国家公园及周边区域的天空地数据。产品精度显示,大光斑激光雷达平面和高程精度分别优于1m和0.15m;小光斑激光雷达平面和高程精度分别优于0.5m和0.08m;数字地形模型(DEM)高程精度和冠层高度模型(CHM)高度精度分别达到0.15m和91.8%;0.2m数字正射影像(DOM)平面精度优于0.5m;超光谱影像的光谱分辨率0.24nm,空间分辨率1~2m。通过试验,以期为陆地生态系统碳监测卫星林业产品开发和海南热带雨林国家公园管理提供高质量天空地数据。

Hainan conserves one of the last tropical rainforests in China. The space-air-ground comprehensive data in tropical forest is not only the basis of the management of National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest,but also an important component to set up methodology of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Inventory Satellite (TECISat) in China. From March 20,2020 to July 10,2021,we used National Forest and Grassland Inventory (NFGI) airborne platform to produce 20TB raw data and products that covered an area more than 6000 km²,including airborne large-footprint LiDAR,small-footprint LiDAR,visible and near-infrared image,and ultra-spectrum image. We also collected data from 170 forest plots,183 ground control points and 17 checking polygons. Combined with GF-7 and GEDI data,these data constituted the space-air-ground data covering National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest and surrounding area. The products showed that the horizontal and elevation accuracy of large-footprint LiDAR were better than 1m and 0.15m respectively. The horizontal and elevation accuracy of small-footprint LiDAR were better than 0.5m and 0.08m respectively. The elevation accuracy of DEM and height precision of CHM were 0.15m and 91.8% respectively. The horizontal accuracy of 0.2m DOM was better than 0.5m. The spectral and spatial resolution of ultra-spectrum image were 0.24nm and 1~2m respectively. This experiment provided high quality products and space-air-ground data for TECISat and national park management.