为摸清掌握海南苏铁(Cycas hainanensis C.J.Chen)植物资源在海南的分布规律及种群发展动态,通过56个实测点与62个样方对海南岛野生海南苏铁开展全面调查,对该省天然海南苏铁的自然种群地理分布、种群特征和种群分布格局及影响种群环境因子开展研究。结果表明:1)海南苏铁主要分布在五指山市、保亭县和琼中县等中南部山区市县和昌江县的东南部山区;2)集中分布于400~800m的中低海拔半阳坡、半阴坡和40%~60%中等偏高郁闭度的热带雨林中,地势平坦,常生于林下或林缘灌丛中及沟谷旁;3)海南苏铁种群内幼树、中树居多,但大树少,幼苗最少,更新力不强,种群结构表现为稳定型;4)静态生命表结果显示,种群死亡率整体上表现出随着龄级的增加而递增的趋势,存活曲线整体上看接近于Deevey-Ⅰ型;5)种群分布有向均匀分布转变的趋势。

In order to recognize the distribution characteristics and population dynamics of Cycas Hainanensis resources in Hainan,a general investigation of wild Cycas Hainanensis was conducted in 56 sites and 62 quadrats in Hainan Island.The geographical distribution,population characteristics,population distribution pattern and the influence environmental factors of wild Cycas Hainanensis population were studied.The results showed that: 1) the investigated regional distribution of Cycas hainanensis mainly included Wuzhishan city,Baoting county and Qiongzhong county etc in central and southern mountain cities and counties,and the southeast mountain areas of Changjiang county;2) Cycas Hainanensis was mainly distributed in tropical rainforests with a medium and high elevation range of 400~800m,slope range for the semi-sunny,semi-shady slope area,and a medium and higher canopy density range of 40%~60%,the terrain was flat,usually in moist biotopes such as under story and the bush of forest edge,and the ravine side;3) The Cycas Hainanensis population structure was stable,as the young trees and small trees were in the majority,and the big trees were fewer,and seedlings were the least,its renewal ability was not strong;4) It was indicated by the stationary life table that the population mortality was increasing with age,the survival curve of Cycas Hainanensis population closed to Deevey-Ⅰ type;5) The population distribution had a tendency to uniform distribution.