为筛选适合鄂尔多斯高原地区的文冠果优良种源,在达拉特旗对20个种源文冠果种子及发芽特性进行试验研究。结果显示:不同种源间和种源内文冠果种子百粒重均存在明显差异,种源内变异系数为3.47%~29.18%,种源间变异系数为15.52%;不同种源文冠果种子发芽率均达到80%以上;发芽势变化范围为18.41%~74.80%,种源间变异系数为35.63%;发芽指数变化范围为16.72~32.49,种源间变异系数18.24%;发芽速度变化范围为3.47~7.01 d,种源间变异系数为20.74%。不同种源的种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数及平均发芽速度存在极显著差异(P<0.001),说明文冠果不同种源间种子发芽特性已明显分化。通过对文冠果种子发芽特性进行聚类分析,将20个种源文冠果种子至少划分为3类,初步筛选种源地编号为NTB,NTK,NCH,NCK,SYJ的5个种子质量最优种源。研究结果可为文冠果良种选育和优良种源选择提供科学依据。

Seed germination characteristics of Xanthoceras sorbifolia from 20 provenances were studied in Dalad Banner in this study in order to select excellent provenances that adapt to Ordos Plateau.The result showed that there were significant differences in the 100-seed weight among and within provenances of X.sorbifolia.The coefficient of variation within provenances ranged from 3.47% to 29.18%,and the coefficient of variation among provenances was 15.52%.The germination rate of seed from different provenances was above 80%.The germination potential ranged from 18.41% to 74.80%,and the coefficient of variation among provenances was 35.63%.The germination index ranged from 16.72 to 32.49,and the coefficient of variation among provenances was 18.24%.The germination speed ranged from 3.47 to 7.01 days,and the coefficient of variation among provenances was 20.74%.There were significant differences in seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index and germination speed among different provenances (P<0.001),which indicated that seed germination characteristics of different provenances of X.sorbifolia were obviously differentiated.The 20 species were divided into at least 3 groups by the clustering of the seed germination characteristics of the provenances,and five superior provenances were select preliminarily,including Bairin Left Banner (NTB),Kailu county(NTK),Hongshan District(NCH),Arhorqin Banner (NCK),and Jingbian County(SYJ).The findings provide scientific basis for the improved variety breeding and fine provenances selection of X.sorbifoli.