以河北省木兰围场国有林场常年受到放牧影响的华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)人工林为研究对象,通过1年的围栏封育后,测定了林下草本层多样性、生物量、土壤容重、土壤孔隙度及含水率等指标,以探究围栏封育对森林林下植被、土壤及凋落物的短期影响。研究结果表明:1)围封样地较对照样地草本多样性指标略有下降,而群落中植物的优势度发生了较大改变;2)与对照样地相比,围封样地草本层的总生物量提高了约4.5倍,地上生物量提高约4.9倍,地下生物量提高约3.9倍;3)围栏封育改变了土壤的物理性质,0~20 cm土壤容重降低,土壤总孔隙度提高,土壤持水量增加;4)围封样地凋落物厚度增加,自然含水率显著增加。结果表明,短期封育对林下植被和土壤产生了有益影响。

To explore the effects of enclosure on soil and herbage in forest ecosystem,this paper studied the changes of herbaceous biomass,biodiversity,and soil physical properties in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations in the north of Hebei province.The plots had been enclosed to avoid grazing for one year.The results showed that:(1)the herbaceous diversity index in the enclosed plots decreased slightly,but the dominance of vegetation in the communities changed significantly.(2)Compared with the control plots,the total biomass,aboveground biomass and underground biomass in the enclosed plots increased by 4.5,4.9,and 3.9 times,respectively.(3)The soil physical properties were changed by the enclosure.The soil bulk density in 0~20 cm decreased,while the soil porosity and water holding capacity increased.(4)The thickness and moisture content of litter layer increased.The study indicated that one-year enclosure can produce beneficial effects for soil and herbage in forest ecosystem.