自然保护区是保护物种栖息地的重要基础,但频繁的人类活动干扰导致自然保护区内生物栖息地斑块破碎化的问题依然存在,景观连接度定量评价对于保护区生物栖息地保护具有重要作用。以纳板河自然保护区为例,基于图论的指数方法利用2014年和2018年高空间分辨率遥感数据,对保护区栖息地的景观连接度指数的变化及其驱动力因素进行分析。结果表明:1)2014—2018年的景观连接度指数中整体性连接度指数(IIC)、概率连接度指数(PC)都呈现下降趋势,IIC和PC指数分别下降0.29和0.53,指示保护区内栖息地破碎化加剧;2)最大斑块的重要性指数从85.14减少到84.19,重要性前十的斑块时空变化表明了自然保护区栖息地斑块面积不断减小,中部、中西部地区破碎化显著;3)土地利用变化对保护区景观连接度产生重要影响,其中橡胶林、耕地、水库、茶园4类土地利用增加是栖息地破碎化的驱动力因素。研究结果可为纳板河自然保护区栖息地保护管理提供科学依据。

Nature reserves are important foundations for the protection of species,but frequent human activities cause the fragmentation of biological habitat patches in nature reserves.The quantitative evaluation of landscape connectivity plays an important role in the protection of biological habitats.This article takes Nabanhe Nature Reserve as the study area.Based on high spatial resolution remote sensing data in 2014 and 2018,the index method of graph theory is used to analyze the change of the landscape connectivity index of the habitat and changes of the landscape and connectivity driving factors in the protected area.The results are as follows:1) In the landscape connectivity index,the integral index of connectivity(IIC) and probability of connectivity(PC) both show a downward trend as IIC and PC index decrease by 0.29 and 0.53,respectively,from 2014 to 2018,indicating that habitat patch fragmentation has increased in the reserve;2) The importance index of the largest patch decreases from 85.14 to 84.19.The temporal and spatial changes of the top ten importance patches indicate that the area of habitat patches has been decreasing in the nature reserve,with significant fragmentation in the central and central-western regions;3) Land use changes has an important impact on the landscape connectivity of the protected area.The increased use of four types of land such as rubber forests,farmland,reservoir and tea gardens are the driving force for habitat fragmentation.The results will provide a scientific basis for habitat protection in Nabanhe Nature Reserve.