景观格局优化是促进区域可持续发展的有效途径。结合聚类分析和GIS技术,从累积成本的角度对琼海市景观格局进行了优化分析,结果表明:1)800m栅格尺度的景观组分结构是琼海市选取生态源地的合适参照,共选取生态源地65个。地形地貌是影响生态源地空间分布格局的主要因素。2)利用自然断裂法将生态阻力面按照阻力大小划分为5个阻力区,针对各区的功能作用采取了相应的生态建设方式。3)琼海市有生态廊道136条和生态节点136个,与生态源地相连接形成了生态网络。以万泉河为界,生态廊道和生态节点主要分布在东北部、中部和南部,基质主要为耕地、林地和园地,建设和管制方式应结合基质和环境区别对待。

Landscape pattern optimization is an effective method to promote the regional sustainable development.This paper,taking Qionghai city as an example,uses spatial analysis model of GIS and cluster analysis and accumulative cost distance model for carrying out the analysis of landscape pattern optimization so as to provide reference for the local ecological construction.The results show that:(1) Using cluster analysis to choose a suitable reference for the selection of ecological sources in Qionghai city,and the landscape component construction is the most suitable one when its scale of grid is 800m.There are 65 ecological sources in Qionghai city,and the main influencing factors of space distribution of ecological sources are man-made jamming and landform.(2) Ecological resistance surface is clustered into 5 regions,which include low resistance region,light low resistance region,moderate resistance region,light high resistance region and high resistance region.Suitable measures are taken to construct each region.(3) There are 136 ecological corridors and 136 ecological nodes in Qionghai city,and they are combined with ecological sources to form a ecological network.With Wanquan River as the frontier,ecological corridors and ecological nodes are distributed in northeast,middle part and south of Qionghai city.Their stroma is farm land,forest land or garden plot.According to their stroma and surrounding environment we should take different construction and regulatory motheds.