三湖国家级自然保护区蒙古栎林空间结构研究
收稿日期: 2018-03-15
修回日期: 2018-04-25
网络出版日期: 2020-09-22
基金资助
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC050410102);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504001);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC050410401)
Study on Spatial Structure of Quercus mongolica Forest in Sanhu National Nature Reserve
Received date: 2018-03-15
Revised date: 2018-04-25
Online published: 2020-09-22
蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)是我国东北次生林中的重要树种之一。在东北林区分布有大量蒙古栎林,其林分空间结构的优劣对蒙古栎林资源的可持续利用起着重要作用。以吉林松花江三湖国家级自然保护区内典型蒙古栎林为研究对象,开展野外调查与定位试验,应用混交度、大小比数和角尺度3个林木空间结构参数对该林分空间结构进行分析。研究结果表明:1)该研究区蒙古栎为主要树种,多度在62%以上,使得松花湖地区的蒙古栎林接近纯林;2)林分整体径级分布呈双峰山状曲线分布,幼年个体居多,更新状况良好;3)该林分混交度较低,平均混交度为0.43,属轻度混交,林分稳定性较差;4)从林分角尺度(0.485)和大小比数(0.50)结果来看,该地区蒙古栎林是一个空间结构呈随机分布、树种空间大小分化差异较小的森林群落。基于以上研究结果,为了维护三湖国家级自然保护区内蒙古栎林生态系统的健康稳定,除采取一些营林措施提高林分混交度外,还应适当引入针叶树种,按照群落自然生长过程和群落演替规律,营造针阔混交林生态系统。
程福山 , 何怀江 , 刘强 , 穆怀志 , 王戈戎 , 林琳 , 赵鹏 , 夏富才 . 三湖国家级自然保护区蒙古栎林空间结构研究[J]. 林草资源研究, 2018 , 0(2) : 138 -145 . DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2018.02.022
Quercus mongolica was one of the main tree species in the secondary forests of Northeast China.There were a large number of Q.mongolica forests distributed in the northeastern forest area.The spatial structure of its stand played an important role in the sustainable utilization of the Q.mongolica forest resources in Northeast China.In this study,the typical Q.mongolica forests in the Sanhu National Nature Reserve in Jilin Province were taken as the research object,and field surveys and positioning experiments were conducted.The spatial structure of the forest was analyzed by using the three spatial structure parameters with mingling degree,uniform angle index and neighborhood comparison.The results showed that Q.mongolica,as the main tree species in the study area,presented an abundance of more than 62%,making the Q.mongolica forest in the Songhua Lake area close to pure forest.The overall diameter distribution of the forest stands took on a bimodal mountain-shaped curve,with a large number of young individuals and a good regeneration.The stand mingling degree was low (the mean value was 0.43),which is lightly mixed,and the stability of the stand was poor.The results of uniform angle index and neighborhood comparison showed that the Q.mongolica forest in this area was a forest community with a spatial structure that was randomly distributed and the spatial differentiation of tree species was relatively small.Based on the above findings,in order to maintain the health and stability of the Q.mongolica ecosystem in Sanhu National Nature Reserve,it was necessary to cooperate with a certain degree of management to increase mingling degree.The coniferous species were properly introduced and the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest ecosystem was established according to the natural growth process and succession of the community.
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