优化生态公益林的空间结构是实现多功能经营的重要途径,以福寿林场马尾松生态公益林为例,选用角尺度、混交度、大小比数、改进的开敞度和林层指数5个空间结构指标分析了其空间结构特征。结果表明:林分混交度的平均值是0.29,处于弱度混交和中度混交的中间状态,说明树种混交程度低,林分结构稳定性差;林分平均大小比数为0.53,为中庸状态,林木的胸径差异不明显,没有呈现出明显分化的趋势;林分平均角尺度为0.52,为聚集分布;林分林层指数的平均值为0.39,垂直方向上的成层性较为简单;林分开敞度的平均值为0.29,表明林分内的林木生长空间不足。

In order to optimize spatial structure of the ecological forest,make full use of multiple functions of the ecological forest,the paper took Pinus massonianaecological forest in Fushou as a study object,and analyzed the spatial structure characteristics with five indexas of stand spatial structure including uniform angle index,mingling index,neighborhood comparison,story index and open degree of stand.aiming to provide the basis for the optimization of the spatial structure of the ecological forest of Pinus massoniana.The results showed that the average value of mingling degree of the stands was 0.29,belonging to the transitional type of weak and moderate mingling,mingling degree of tree species was low,and the stability of the stand structure was weak.the average value of neighborhood comparison of DBH of the stands was 0.53,belonging to moderate state,which indicated the number of trees in diameter classes was roughly equal.the average value of uniform angle index was 0.52,which was aggregated distribution,but close to random distribution,the average story index of stand was 0.39,which indicated canopy structure of stand was relatively simple,the average open degree of stand was 0.29,which indicated the trees in the stand were lack of growth space.