用HOBO温湿度记录仪,于2013年对广东仁化长江的篦子三尖杉(Cephalotaxus oliveri)种群生境进行了为期1年的监测,同时测定土壤的理化特性、光照强度、植物叶片生理生态特性和种群结构。结果表明:生境年均气温13.854 ℃,年均相对湿度96.317%;土壤pH 5.49,有效钾含量(742.50 mg/kg)较高;林内叶面光照强度不足旷地的15%;叶片SPAD值约60,净光合速率为2.85~3.53 μmol/(m2·s)(以CO2计),蒸腾速率0.36~1.43 mmol/(m2·s)(以H2O计),其中7月测定的净光合速率和蒸腾速率显著低于同属植物三尖杉(C.fortunei);篦子三尖杉种群的径级、高度和年龄结构均表明,种群目前虽处于增长阶段,但因缺乏4年内的幼苗,而这可能与2008年南岭地区的冰灾影响关系密切,推测40年后将趋于衰退,为此应加强该种群的就地、迁地保护。
By using an automatic onset HOBO mini-weather station,the air temperature and the air relative humidity were monitored for one year(2013)at Changjiang,Renhua,Guangdong where the national Grade II key protected plant species Cephalotaxus oliveri grows.The soil physic-chemical characteristics,the leaf surface light intensity,some eco-physiological indexes and the population structures of C.oliveri were also measured during the year in order to provide basic data for protecting and enhancing the plant population.Results showed that the mean annual air temperature was 13.854 ℃,the mean annual air relative humidity was 96.317% at the field site.Soil pH was 5.49 with a relative high effect K content of 742.50 mg/kg.The light intension on leaf surface of inner forest was 15% less than that of open outside of the forest.The leaf SPAD values was about 60,the net photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate of C.oliveri leaf were 2.85~3.53 μmol/(m2·s)(calculated by CO2)and 0.36~1.43 mmol/(m2·s)(calculated by H2O),respectively.The net photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate determined in July,2013 were significantly lower than that of the same genus species of C.fortune.The results of size class,height class and age class structures suggested that the population had an increasing tendency at present,but no seedlings below four years of age,which was probably caused by the icy disaster in early 2008 in the Nanling Mount region.It was predicted that the population would decrease after about 40 years.The ex-situ and in-site conservation measures of the key protected plant should be taken.
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