以全国森林资源清查的样方数据为数据源,分别拟合在我国分布范围最广、面积最大的五类主要树种的林分生长曲线。结果表明:栎类(Quercus)最适用的理论生长方程是Richards,落叶松(Larix gmellini)是Logistic,马尾松(Pinus massoniana)、杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)和桦木(Betulaceae)是Richards和Korf;高海拔的栎类、杉木、桦木林分蓄积明显高于低海拔,高海拔的马尾松林分蓄积明显低于低海拔,而落叶松林分蓄积生长的海拔差异不显著;华中地区的栎类、西南地区的马尾松、华南地区的杉木、西北地区的桦木、东北地区的落叶松,林分平均蓄积和蓄积生长率高于其它地区;栎类、马尾松、落叶松天然林的林分平均蓄积和蓄积生长率都比人工林高,而人工杉木林蓄积生长高于天然林。本研究结果可应用于更精确地估算我国不同区域现存森林的碳蓄积量和预测未来森林的固碳潜力。
Stand volume growth was different in different regions due to the variations of tree species,stand condition,forest age,density and forest management etc.Single wood growth models and growth and yield projection models focused on a special plot or small area,and were limited in application of spatial scale extension due to tree species composition,stand quality and competition.Stand volumes of different tree species and stand ages in different regions were the key factor in forest carbon estimation.This paper simulated the stand volume growth curves of five primary forests in China,based on the sampling plot data of national forest resource inventory.The results showed that the best applicable theoretical growth equation for Oak is Richards,Logistic for Larix,Richards and Korf for Masson pine,Birch and Chinese fir;the stand volume of Birch,Oak and Chinese fir at high latitude showed higher value than lower altitude obviously;the stand volume of Masson pine at lower altitude showed higher value;and there was not significant difference with elevation for Larix.The Oak in central China,Masson pine in southwestern region,Chinese fir in Southern China,Birch in northwestern region and Larix in northeastern region showed higher stand volume than other regions.Furthermore,average stand volume and volume growth rate of natural forest of Oak,Masson pine and Larix were higher than the plantations,which was contrary for Chinese fir.These results could be applied to the accurate estimation of forest carbon sequestration and the projection of future potential carbon sequestration.
[1]Peng Changhui.Growth and yield models for uneven-aged stands:past,present,and future [J].For.Ecol.Manage,2000,132:259-279.
[2]Zeide B.Analysis of growth equations [J].For.Sci.,1993,39(3):594-616.
[3]Petit B,Montagnini F.Growth equations and rotation ages of ten native tree species in mixed and pure plantations in the humid Neotropics [J].For.Ecol.Manage.2004,199:243-257.
[4]Trasobares A,Tome M,Miina J.Growth and yield model for Pinus halepensis Mill in Catalonia,North-East Spain [J].For.Ecol.Manage,2003,203:49-62.
[5]郝祖渊,董新献,毕君.毛白杨生长和收获模型[J].林业科学,1989,25(2):120-126.
[6]唐守正.广西大青山马尾松全林整体生长模型及其应用[J].林业科学研究,1991,4(S0):8-13.
[7]李树奇,陈广聚.落叶松人工林生长估测研究[J].河北林学院学报,1991,6(1):67-70.
[8]惠刚盈,盛伟彤,Gadow KV,等.杉木人工林收获模型系统的研究[J].林业科学研究,1994,7(4):353-358.
[9]丁贵杰.贵州杉木人工林生长收获模型系统的研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1997,25(5):43-49.
[10]张建国,段爱国.理论生长方程对杉木人工林林分直径结构的模拟研究[J].林业科学,2003,39(6):55-61.
[11]茹正忠,陈启基,潘文,等.我国湿地松主要栽培区林分整体生长模型研究[J].广东林业科技,1995,11(4):7-10.
[12]向志民,何敏.几种杨树生长进程动态分析[J].西北林学院学报,1994,9(2):82-86.
[13]《中国森林》编辑委员会.中国森林:第3卷[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2000.
[14]贺应棠,袁嘉祖.气候变化对马尾松和云南松分布的可能影响[J].北京林业大学学报,1996,18(1):22-28.
[15]Yaussy A D.Comparison of an empirical forest growth and yield simulator and a forest gap simulator using actual 30-year growth from two even-aged forests in Kentucky [J].For.Ecol.Manage,2000,126:385-398.
[16]段爱国,张建国,童书振.6 种生长方程在杉木人工林林分直径结构上的应用[J].林业科学研究,2003,16(4):423-429.
[17]李春明,杜纪山,张会儒.抚育间伐对森林生长的影响及其模型研究[J].林业科学研究,2003,16(5):636-641.
[18]杨锦昌,尹光天,李荣生,等.5种生长方程在2种藤林生长模型中的应用[J].福建林学院学报,2007,27(3):217-221.
[19]惠刚盈,盛炜彤,罗云伍,等.我国杉木人工林生长与收获模型系统的研究[J].林业科学研究,1994,7(4):353-358.
[20]李凤日.兴安落叶松天然林直径分布及产量预测模型的研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1987,15(4):7-15.
[21]Liao Chaoying,Podrazsky V.Growth analysis of individual tree basal area of western yellow pine introduced in Kostelec region [J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2001,16(4):1-51.
[22]赵晓云.柳杉单立木生长模型拟合的初步研究[J].四川林业科技,2004,3,25(1):55-58.
[23]Li Fengri,Zhao Baodong,Su Guilin.A derivation of the generalized Korf growth equation and its application [J].Journal of Forestry Research,2000,11(2):81-88.
