在2011—2012年江苏省样地野外调查的基础上,结合江苏省2010年森林资源二类调查的结果,计算出江苏省森林生态系统的碳储量和碳密度。结果表明:截止到2012年,江苏省森林生态系统总碳储量为179.16Tg C。其中乔木层、灌草层、凋落物层和土壤层的碳储量分别为57.95,6.90,14.44,99.87Tg C,占总碳量的32.44%,3.85%,8.05%,55.66%。江苏省森林生态系统的平均碳密度为143.00T/hm2。各层的碳密度大小为:土壤层(83.65 T/hm2)＞乔木层(51.43T/hm2)＞凋落物层(5.24T/hm2)＞灌草层(2.66T/hm2)。林分类型不同,其碳储量和碳密度存在很大差异,其中落叶阔叶林碳储量最大为102.03Tg C,竹林碳储量最小为3.90Tg C;常绿阔叶林碳密度最大为170.97 T/hm2,落叶阔叶林碳密度最小:109.99 T/hm2。 从龄组看,全省森林碳储量主要集中10a以下林、10～20a林,分别为11.36,27.92Tg C,两者占全省总碳储量25.07%,61.63%。植被地上生物量与土壤特性相关分析表明:土壤碳含量、氮含量与植被地上生物量均呈正相关,其中氮含量与地上生物量有较显著的正相关关系(p=0.03),各土层含水量与地上生物量的相关性不明显。
On the basis of the field investigation of sample plots in Jiangsu province in 2011-2012 and the results of forest resource survey in 2010,we calculated the forest ecosystem carbon storage and density of Jiangsu province.Until 2012,total carbon storage of forest ecosystem was 179.16 Tg C,and the carbon storages in arbor layer,shrub-grass layer,litter layer,and soil were 57.95Tg C,6.90Tg C,14.44Tg C,99.87Tg C,accounting for 32.44%,3.85%,8.05%,and 55.66% of the total,respectively.The average carbon density in the forest ecosystems was 143.00T/hm2,with 83.65 T/hm2 in soil,51.43T/hm2 in arbor layer,5.24T/hm2 in litter layer,and 2.66T/hm2 in shrub-grass layer.Different types of the forest ecosystems had different carbon storage and density,and values of carbon storage in deciduous broadleaved forest was highest(102.03Tg C),bamboo forest had the lowest values(3.90Tg C).Values of density in evergreen broadleaved forest was highest(170.97 T/hm2),deciduous broad-leaved forest had the lowst values(109.99 T/hm2).According to age group,forest carbon storage was mainly distributed in the age groups of below 10 years,10 to 20 years,values were respectively 11.36 Tg C,27.92 Tg C,which accounted for 25.07% and 61.63% of the total carbon.Correlation analysis between aboveground biomass and soil characteristics showed that aboveground biomass and characteristics of soil carbon content,nitrogen content are positively correlated,and aboveground biomass appeared strongly related to soil nitrogen content (p=0.03),correlation of aboveground biomass and soil water content was not significant.
[1]Wilfred M P,Tsung H P,Willam R E,et al.The global carbon cycle [J].American Scientist,1990,78:310-326.
[2]王效科,冯宗炜,欧阳志云.中国森林生态系统的植物碳储量和碳密度研究[J].应用生态学报,2001,12(1):13-16.
[3]Dixon R K,Solomon A M,Brown S,et al.Carbon pools and flux of global forest ecosystems[J].Science,1994,263(5144):185-190.
[4]Fang J Y,Chen A P,Peng C H,et al.Changes in forest biomass carbon storage in China between 1949 and 1998[J].Science,2001,292:2320-2322.
[5]周玉荣,于振良,赵士洞.我国主要森林生态系统碳贮量和碳平衡[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(5):518-522.
[6]王新闯,齐光,于大炮,等.吉林省森林生态系统的碳储量,碳密度及其分布[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(8):2013-2020.
[7]王磊,丁晶晶,季永华,等.江苏省森林碳储量动态变化及其经济价值评价[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2010,34(2):1-5.
[8]冯宗炜,王效科,吴刚.中国森林生态系统的生物量和生产力[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[9]Schroeder P,Brown S,Mo J,et al.Biomass estimation for temperate broadleaf forests of the United States using inventory data[J].Forest Science,1997,43(3):424-434.
[10]Jenkins J C,Chojnacky D C,Heath L S,et al.National-Scale Biomass Estimators for United States Tree Species[J],Forest Science,2003,49(1):12-35.
[11]赵体顺.林农复合生态系统物质循环的研究1—农田林网杨树生物量的研究[J].农村生态环境,1989(2):1-5.
[12]党承林,吴兆录,张泽.黄毛青冈群落的生物量研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,1994,16(3):205-210.
[13]陈灵芝,陈清朗,鲍显诚,等.北京山区的侧柏林及其生物量研究[J].植物生态学与地植物学丛刊,1986,10(1):17-25.
[14]江洪,朱家骏.云杉天然林分生物量和生产力的研究[J].四川林业科技,1986,7(2):6-13.
[15 ]陈启嫦.青冈林生产力研究[M].杭州:杭州大学出版社,1992.
[16]叶镜中,姜志林.苏南丘陵杉木人工林的生物量结构[J].生态学报,1983,3(1):7-14.
[17]丁宝永,孙继华.水曲柳天然林生物生产力及营养元素的积累与分布的研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1989,17(4):1-9.
[18]孙多,阮宏华,叶镜中.空青山天然次生栎林的生物量结构[C]//下蜀森林生态系统定位论文集,1992,16-22.
[19]杨修.农桐间作生态系统生物量和生产力的研究[J].河南农业大学学报,1986,20(4):485-509.
[20]邱学忠,谢寿昌,荆桂芬.云南哀牢山徐家坝地区木果石栎林生物量的初步研究[J].云南植物研究,1984,6(1):85-92.
[21]方精云,刘国华,徐嵩龄.我国森林植被的生物量和净生产量[J].生态学报,1996,16(5):497-508.
[22]Pan YD,Luo TX,Birdsey R,et al.New estimates of carbon storage and sequestration in China's forests:Effects of age-class and method on inventory-based carbon estimation.Climate Change,2004,67:211-236.
[23]郝文芳,陈存根,梁宗锁,等.植被生物量的研究进展[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008,36(2):175-182.
[24]王鑫,胡玉昆,李凯辉,等.高寒草地主要类型土壤因子特征及对地上生物量的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008,22(3):196-200.
[25]冯宗炜.中国森林对全球碳循环及气候变化做贡献[N].科技日报,2010 06-08(5).
[26]杨帆,刘金山,贺东北.我国森林碳库特点与森林碳汇潜力分析[J].中南林业调查规划,2012,31(1):1-4.
[27]黄从德,张健,杨万勤.四川森林植被碳储量的时空变化[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(12):2687-2692.
[28]杜峰,梁宗锁,徐学选,等.陕北黄土丘陵区撂荒草地群落生物量及植被土壤养分效应[J].生态学报,2007,27(5):3-13.
[29]徐惠风,刘兴土,陈景文.长白山区沟谷沼泽湿地乌拉苔草地上生物量与土壤有机质和氮素相关性分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(1):356-359.
[30]Briggs J M,Seastedt T R,Gibson D J.Comparative analysis of tem poral and spatial variability in aboveground production in fldeciduous forest and prairie[J].Holarctic Ecology,1989,12:130-136.
[31]卢建国,王海涛,何兴东,等.毛乌素沙地半固定沙丘油篙种群对土壤湿度空间异质性的响应[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(8):1469-1474.
[32]方精云,陈安平,赵淑清.中国森林生物量的估算:对Fang等Science一文(Science,2001,291:2320-2322)的若干说明[J].植物生态学报,2002,26(2):243-249.
