为了解决太行山干旱片麻岩山区极度缺水问题,以河北省太行山片麻岩山区的典型地区阜平县为试验基地,研究了坡向(X₁)、坡位(X₂)、坡度(X₃)、土层厚度(X₄)、土壤容重(X₅)、土粒密度(X₆)、植被覆盖度(X₇)、田间持水量(X₈)、毛管孔隙度(X₉)、土壤质地(X₁₀)等因素与土壤含水率(y)的关系。结果表明该地土壤含水率极低,仅为3.18%～8.61%;上述因素与土壤含水率的相关系数分别为0.745,0.612,-0.078,0.992,-0.924,-0.693,0.974,0.834,0.798,0.918;除与坡度相关不显著外,其他因素均显著或极显著相关;主成分分析筛选出坡向、坡位、土层厚度、土壤容重、植被覆盖度等5个因子对土壤含水率影响最大;直接通径系数绝对值大小排序为土层厚度(0.609)>植被覆盖度(0.224)>土壤容重(-0.185),结合间接通径系数和相关系数来看,土层厚度、植被覆盖度、土壤容重均对土壤含水率有较大影响,其中土层厚度和植被覆盖度为正效应,土壤容重为负效应。

In order to resolve the problem of drought in gneiss mountainous area in Taihang Mountains,an analysis about the relationship between soil moisture content and slope aspect,slope position,gradient,soil layer thickness,soil bulk density,soil density,vegetation coverage,field capacity,capillary porosity,soil texture was made in Fuping,which is a typical droughty place in gneiss mountainous area in Taihang mountains.The results showed that the soil moisture content is extremely low,which was about 3.18%~8.61%.The correlation coefficients between soil moisture content and each affecting factor were 0.745,0.612,-0.078,0.992,-0.924,-0.693,0.974,0.834,0.798,0.918.The correlation between soil moisture content and gradient was not significant,while the correlation between soil moisture content and the other 8 factors was highly significant.Principal component analysis screened out 5 factorsslope aspect,slope position,soil thickness,vegetation coverage and soil bulk density.The direct path coefficient was in the order of thickness (0.609)> vegetation coverage (0.224)> soil bulk density (-0.185).In combination with the condition of indirect path coefficient,such a conclusion was reached that soil layer thickness and vegetation coverage both had positive effects on soil moisture content,while soil bulk density had negative effect on it.