利用青海森林资源一类清查数据、气候数据、通量塔数据、遥感数据,通过Biome-BGC模型对1998—2012年青海森林生态系统的碳循环、水循环和养分循环进行模拟计算,并利用2012—2013年监测所得的森林样地的地上/地下生物量、土壤有机碳密度和土壤实际含水率数据进行模型验证,得到1998—2012年青海省森林生态系统固碳、水资源及蒸散量。根据模型结果选择2000年、2005年、2010年和2012年4个年度对青海省森林土壤的固碳功能、保水功能和提供营养3项生态服务的价值量进行了评估。结果表明在2000—2012年的12年期间,青海森林土壤所提供的生态服务价值年均为8 442 287.22万元,且以年均0.25%的趋势递增。森林土壤固碳功能所提供的生态服务价值为总服务价值的98.37%,但是,森林土壤保水和提供营养功能的价值不足总服务价值的2%。枯落物层固碳量的增加是森林土壤固碳服务价值增加的主要原因。因此,在森林土壤中应注重森林凋落物层的保护。
Based on the continuous forest inventory data,climate data,flux tower data and remote sensing data,the carbon cycling,water cycling and nutrient cycling of forest ecosystem were simulated by using Biome-BGC model in Qinghai province.Furthermore,the model validation was conducted by using the data including above-and belowground biomass,soil organic matter density,soil water content measured at forest plots in 2012 and 2013.So the substance quantity of the carbon sink functions,water resource and evapotranspiration in forest ecosystem from 1998 to 2012 were acquired.Meanwhile,the total substance quantity and total value of three ecological service functions involved from soil carbon storage,soil water conservation and soil nutrient supply in 2000,2005,2010 and 2012 were evaluated.The results showed that the mean value of forest soil services in Qinghai province was 8442287.22 × 104 yuan/a,and the mean value was increasing at 0.25% speed each year.The service value of soil carbon storage accounted for 98.37% of the total value,whereas the ratio of value of both the soil water conservation and soil nutrient supply to the total value was less than 2%.The reason of increasing of soil carbon storage was mainly caused by the increase of carbon sforage of the forest litter,so we should pay attention to the conservation of forest litter.
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