对山西省二郎山国家级森林公园4种主要森林群落进行了实地调查,采用丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数等指标,对二郎山森林群落的植物多样性进行了研究。结果表明:4种群落共有植物40种,分别属于22科31属;油松林和油松+山楂林的均匀度指数和多样性指数均较大;林分起源、坡度、群落垂直结构和林分密度等对群落的植物多样性均有较大影响:天然林的植物多样性大于人工林;多样性指数随坡度增大而减小;灌木层多样性高于乔木层和草本层;林分密度过大,群落物种丰富度和多样性降低。通过研究,以期为二郎山国家级森林公园经营与植物资源的可持续发展提供理论依据。

Plant diversity of four major forest communities in Erlangshan National Forest Park in Shanxi Province was studied by richness and evenness indexes based on plot investigations.The results showed that:there were 40 species belonging to 22 families and 31 genera in the four community types.The diversity and evenness indexes of two natural communities,one pure forest of Pinus tabulaeformis and one mixed forest with Quercus wutaishanica were both higher than the other two forest communities.It indicated that stand origin,slope,vertical community structure and stand density had great influences on plant diversity of communities.The plant diversity of three natural forests was greater than that of one plantation.The diversity index was decreased with the increasing of slope.The species diversity of shurb layer was higher than that of the tree layer and herb layer.The species richness and diversity of the community was also decreased by the higher stand density.This study could provide theoretical basis for the management in erlangshan National Forest Park and the sustainable development of plant resources.