闽楠冠层光环境对叶片结构与光合诱导特征的影响

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.02.008

林草资源研究 ›› 2025›› Issue (2): 79-88.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.02.008

闽楠冠层光环境对叶片结构与光合诱导特征的影响

罗聪聪¹^,²(), 黄文超¹, 刘新亮¹, 叶甜甜¹, 刘琳奇¹, 唐星林¹()

1.江西省林业科学院江西南昌城市生态系统定位观测研究站,南昌 330013
2.江西农业大学园林与艺术学院,南昌 330045

收稿日期:2024-12-23 修回日期:2025-03-23 出版日期:2025-04-28 发布日期:2025-12-04
通讯作者: 唐星林,博士,副研究员,主要从事森林培育研究。Email:txl_insist@126.com
作者简介:罗聪聪,硕士研究生,主要从事森林培育研究。Email:luocongcong2023@163.com
基金资助:
江西省林业科学院青年人才培养项目“南昌城市主要绿化树种碳储量及固碳释氧能力研究”(2023510801);江西省林业局林业科技创新专项“闽楠无节良材培育关键技术研究”(创新专项〔2022〕7号);国家自然科学基金项目“不同林龄闽楠对光环境变化的生理响应与适应机制”(32460386)

Effects of light environments within Phoebe bournei canopy on leaf structural traits and photosynthetic induction

LUO Congcong¹^,²(), HUANG Wenchao¹, LIU Xinliang¹, YE Tiantian¹, LIU Linqi¹, TANG Xinglin¹()

1. Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Jiangxi Nanchang Urban Ecosystem Research Station,Nanchang 330032,China
2. College of Landscape and Art,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China

Received:2024-12-23 Revised:2025-03-23 Online:2025-04-28 Published:2025-12-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究珍贵树种闽楠冠层光环境对叶片结构与光合诱导特征的影响机制,选取22 a生闽楠冠层基部和顶部阳生叶(强光环境)、阴生叶(弱光环境)为研究对象,探讨不同光环境对闽楠不同冠层叶片形态结构、气孔特征、光响应特性及光合诱导特征的影响。结果表明:1)随着冠层光强减弱,闽楠冠层基部和顶部叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、气孔密度和气孔相对面积有所减小,与强光环境相比,弱光环境下闽楠冠层基部和顶部叶片比叶质量、最大净光合速率、光补偿点和光饱和点均有所减小;2)弱光环境导致闽楠冠层基部和顶部叶片在1 000 μmol/(m²·s)光合有效辐射下叶片净光合速率(P_{n 1000})、电子传递速率(J_{1 000})和Rubisco最大羧化速率(V_cmax)显著下降(P<0.05);3)在光合诱导过程中,与弱光环境相比,强光环境下闽楠叶片达到P_{n 1000}的90%所需时间(t₉₀_P_n)有所减少(P<0.05),且t₉₀_P_n与气孔密度、叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度呈显著负相关,表明在强光环境下,闽楠可以通过增大表观量子效率、光补偿点、V_cmax和电子传递速率(J)等提高光合固碳能力,同时可通过增加气孔密度及在光合诱导后期快速开放气孔来提高光合诱导速率,增强光斑利用能力。

关键词: 闽楠冠层, 光环境, 叶片结构特性, 光合作用, 光合诱导特征

Abstract:

To investigate the mechanism by which the canopy light environment influences leaf structure and photosynthetic induction characteristics in Phoebe bournei,we examined the effects of contrasting light environments on the morphological traits,stomatal traits,photosynthesis-light response and photosynthetic induction of sun(high-light environments)and shade leaves(low-light environments)at different canopy positions in canopy of 22-year P.bournei.The results showed that:1)The leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,spongy tissue thickness,stomatal density,and stomatal relative area of leaves in the basal and upper part of P.bournei canopy were decreased with the reduction of canopy light intensity.Compared with the high-light environment,the low-light environment reduced the leaf mass per area,maximum net photosynthetic rate,light compensation point,and light saturation point of the basal and upper leaves of canopy.2)Under a photosynthetically available radiation of 1 000 μmol/(m²·s),low light significantly decreased(P<0.05)the net photosynthetic rate(P_{n 1000}),electron transfer rate(J_{1 000})and maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco(V_cmax)in the basal and upper leaves of canopy.3)During photosynthetic induction,leaves in the high-light environment achieved 90% of P_{n 1000} (t₉₀_P_n)significantly faster(P<0.05)than those in the low-light environment.Notably,t₉₀_P_n was a significantly negatively correlated with stomatal density,leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,and spongy tissue thickness.In conclusion,P.bournei adapts to high-light conditions by enhancing photosynthetic carbon fixation capacity through increased apparent quantum yield,light compensation point,Rubisco carboxylation rate and electron transfer rate.Simultaneously,P.bournei enhances its photosynthetic induction rate by increasing stomatal density and promoting rapid stomatal opening during the late stage of photosynthetic induction,thereby enhancing its ability to utilize light patches.

Key words: Phoebe bournei canopy, light environment, leaf structure, photosynthesis, photosynthetic induction

中图分类号:

S711

罗聪聪, 黄文超, 刘新亮, 叶甜甜, 刘琳奇, 唐星林. 闽楠冠层光环境对叶片结构与光合诱导特征的影响[J]. 林草资源研究, 2025,(2): 79-88.

LUO Congcong, HUANG Wenchao, LIU Xinliang, YE Tiantian, LIU Linqi, TANG Xinglin. Effects of light environments within Phoebe bournei canopy on leaf structural traits and photosynthetic induction[J]. Forest and Grassland Resources Research, 2025,(2): 79-88.

图/表 6

表1

表2

图1

图2

表3

表4

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参数	冠层基部阳生叶	冠层顶部阳生叶	冠层基部阴生叶	冠层顶部阴生叶
叶片厚度/μm	159.80±9.60ab	180.20±4.10a	121.80±5.70c	130.80±5.90bc
上表皮厚度/μm	13.80±1.02ab	16.40±0.83a	12.30±0.44b	12.20±0.37b
下表皮厚度/μm	13.70±0.42ab	14.60±0.74a	11.80±0.29b	13.00±0.61ab
栅栏组织厚度/μm	83.70±4.41ab	85.00±1.71a	58.80±4.08c	66.90±4.23bc
海绵组织厚度/μm	50.50±3.68ab	62.70±6.55a	41.20±3.38b	42.00±2.96b
栅海比	1.66±0.04a	1.39±0.15a	1.43±0.05a	1.60±0.09a
气孔大小/μm²	151.50±4.00a	155.00±2.90a	149.70±0.30a	153.60±4.90a
气孔密度/(个/mm²)	932.20±33.30a	970.30±5.30a	703.60±25.40b	773.90±13.40b
气孔相对面积/(μm²/mm²)	14.10±0.40a	15.00±0.29a	10.50±0.40b	11.90±0.50b

参数	冠层基部阳生叶	冠层顶部阳生叶	冠层基部阴生叶	冠层顶部阴生叶
叶绿素相对含量	41.90± 0.50b	40.70± 0.30b	46.00± 0.40a	44.30± 0.40a
比叶质量/(g/m²)	137.30± 2.07a	133.60± 2.76a	83.70±10.25b	95.40± 2.77b
表观量子效率/(mmol/mol)	0.032± 0.002ab	0.034± 0.000 3a	0.024± 0.003bc	0.023± 0.004c
最大净光合速率^①/[μmol/(m²·s)]	7.16± 0.09a	7.07± 0.30ac	3.50± 0.42bc	3.49± 0.56b
暗呼吸速率/[μmol/(m²·s)]	0.49± 0.02b	0.78± 0.06a	0.40± 0.12b	0.33± 0.07b
光补偿点/[μmol/(m²·s)]	9.61± 0.46b	15.57± 0.97a	5.55± 1.62c	5.07± 1.05c
光饱和点^①/[μmol/(m²·s)]	757.30±14.82ab	810.50±26.33a	541.50±10.18c	650.10±112.48bc
初始斜率^①	0.340± 0.008bc	0.320± 0.002c	0.420± 0.003a	0.410± 0.007ab
最大电子传递速率^①/[μmol/(m²·s)]	116.60±15.37a	122.70± 7.94a	46.40± 0.24b	49.60± 3.77ab
饱和光强^①/[μmol/(m²·s)]	824.70±71.61ab	888.90±59.45a	540.80±4.61c	578.40± 0.58bc

参数		冠层基部阳生叶		冠层顶部阳生叶		冠层基部阴生叶		冠层顶部阴生叶
P_{n 50}/[μmol/(m²·s)]		1.33±0.23a		1.32±0.06a		1.19±0.13a		1.40±0.32a
P_{n 1000}/[μmol/(m²·s)]		6.66±0.21a		6.77±0.27a		3.80±0.32b		3.50±0.43b
G_s50/[μmol/(m²·s)]		20.30±4.40a		21.40±1.40a		11.40±2.70a		11.10±1.60a
G_{S 1000}^①/[μmol/(m²·s)]		66.10±4.20ab		69.60±5.60a		30.60±1.90b		30.10±2.20b
J₅₀/[μmol/(m²·s)]		15.20±0.20a		15.20±0.20a		15.00±0.10a		14.90±0.10a
J_{1 000}/[μmol/(m²·s)]		106.90±12.00a		131.00±4.40a		46.10±4.10b		54.00±6.70b
V_cmax/[μmol/(m²·s)]		158.20±24.20a		201.10±6.20a		63.40±8.70b		77.90±10.70b
t₅₀_Pn/min		14.70±0.30a		14.30±1.30a		18.00±1.50a		17.70±1.20a
t₉₀_Pn/min		22.00±1.00b		23.00±1.50b		31.70±0.90a		35.00±1.50a
t_50Gs^① /min		17.00±0.60a		17.00±0.10a		20.70±2.90a		17.30±1.70a
t_90Gs^①/min	26.30±2.80a		26.00±2.10a		34.30±5.70a		27.30±6.40a
t₅₀_J/min	11.30±0.30a		10.70±0.70a		10.30±0.30a		9.30±0.30a
t₉₀_J/min	21.30±0.90a		21.30±1.50a		20.70±2.30a		21.70±1.30a

闽楠冠层光环境对叶片结构与光合诱导特征的影响

Effects of light environments within Phoebe bournei canopy on leaf structural traits and photosynthetic induction

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参数	P_{n 50}	P_{n 1000}	G_{s 50}	G_{s1 000}^①	J₅₀	J_{1 000}	t₅₀_Pn	t₉₀_Pn	t₅₀_G_s^①	t₉₀_G_s^①	t₅₀_J	t₉₀_J
叶片厚度/μm	ns	0.85^**	0.86^**	0.80^*	0.62^*	0.90^**	-0.64^*	-0.72^**	ns	ns	ns	ns
上表皮厚度/μm	ns	0.67^*	0.76^**	ns	ns	0.82^*	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
下表皮厚度/μm	ns	0.61^*	ns	0.59^*	ns	0.65^*	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
栅栏组织厚度/μm	ns	0.82^**	0.87^**	0.69^*	0.68^*	0.83^**	-0.63^*	-0.17^*	ns	ns	ns	ns
海绵组织厚度/μm	ns	0.78^**	0.77^**	0.79^**	0.49^*	0.81^*	-0.58^*	-0.61^*	ns	ns	ns	ns
栅海比	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
气孔密度/(个/mm²)	ns	0.85^**	0.64^*	0.78^**	ns	0.86^**	-0.61^*	-0.81^**	ns	ns	ns	ns
气孔大小/μm²	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
气孔相对面积/(μm²/mm²)	ns	0.82^**	0.65^*	0.73^**	ns	0.91^**	ns	-0.74^**	ns	ns	ns	ns

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