欢迎访问林草资源研究

林草资源研究 ›› 2025›› Issue (1): 95-103.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.01.011

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

经营模式对大兴安岭天然次生林地表可燃物燃烧性的影响

张念慈1(), 韩丽冬2(), 张京1   

  1. 1.黑龙江省森林保护研究所,哈尔滨 150081
    2.黑龙江省生态研究所,哈尔滨 150081
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-09 修回日期:2025-02-10 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2025-08-06
  • 通讯作者: 韩丽冬,副研究员,博士,主要从事森林生态工作。Email:hldruby@163.com
  • 作者简介:张念慈,副研究员,硕士,主要从事森林防火工作。Email:znc0011@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央财政林业科技推广示范项目“改培型防火林带阻隔系统应用技术推广与示范”(黑[2024]TG27);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目“复合型生物防火林带可燃物调控技术推广与示范”(黑[2025]TG01)

Effects of management modes on combustibility of surface fuel of natural secondary forest in the Daxing’anling Mountains,Northeast China

ZHANG Nianci1(), HAN Lidong2(), ZHANG Jing1   

  1. 1. Heilongjiang Forest Protect Institute,Harbin 150081,China
    2. Heilongjiang Ecology Institute,Harbin 150081,China
  • Received:2025-01-09 Revised:2025-02-10 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2025-08-06

摘要: 探究不同经营模式对地表可燃物燃烧性的影响机制,可为大兴安岭天然次生林可持续经营提供科学依据。以大兴安岭综合抚育模式和无干扰模式下天然次生针阔混交林和阔叶林的地表可燃物(灌木、草本、枯落物、腐殖质)为研究对象,采用烘干法、点燃法、氧弹法及线性回归统计方法分析其含水率、燃点、热值等理化性质特征及相互作用关系。结果表明:1)2种经营模式下针阔混交林和阔叶林地表可燃物含水率由大到小均为灌木、草本、腐殖质、枯落物;燃点由大到小均为腐殖质、灌木、草本、枯落物。不同可燃物组分的含水率和燃点均为综合抚育模式大于无干扰模式,综合抚育模式提高了地表可燃物的含水率和燃点。2)2种经营模式下针阔混交林和阔叶林地表可燃物热值由大到小均为枯落物、草本、灌木、腐殖质。不同可燃物组分热值均为综合抚育模式小于无干扰模式,综合抚育模式降低了地表可燃物的热值。3)综合抚育模式下,灌木和草本的燃点与热值呈显著负相关(P<0.05),枯落物和腐殖质的燃点与热值无显著相关关系(P>0.05);无干扰模式下,灌木和草本的燃点与热值无显著相关关系(P>0.05),枯落物和腐殖质的燃点与热值呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。4)2种经营模式下不同地表可燃物组分的燃点均与含水率呈显著正相关(P<0.05),热值与含水率无显著相关关系(P>0.05)(无干扰模式的草本除外)。相较于无干扰模式,综合抚育模式提高了大兴安岭天然次生林地表可燃物的含水率和燃点,降低了地表可燃物的热值,有利于降低地表可燃物易燃性,减少森林火灾造成的资源损失。

关键词: 经营模式, 天然次生林, 地表可燃物, 含水率, 燃点, 热值

Abstract:

Exploring the influence mechanism of different management modes on the combustibility of surface fuel can provide scientific basis for the sustainable management of natural secondary forest in the Daxing’anling Mountains.We studied the surface fuel(shrub,herb,litter,humus)of natural secondary coniferous-broadleaved mixed forest and broad-leaved forest under two management modes(comprehensive tending and non-interference)in the Daxing’anling Mountains,and analyzed the physicochemical properties and their interactions by drying method,ignition method,bomb method and linear regression.The results showed that:1)Under the two management modes,the water content of surface fuel of coniferous-broadleaved mixed forest and broad-leaved forest was shrub,herb,humus,litter from large to small,and the ignition point was humus,shrub,herb and litter in descending order.The water content and ignition point of different fuel components were higher in the comprehensive tending mode than in the non-interference mode,and the comprehensive tending mode increased the water content and ignition point of the surface fuel.2)The calorific value of surface fuel of coniferous-broadleaved mixed forest and broad-leaved forest under two management modes was litter,herb,shrub and humus in descending order.The calorific value of different fuel components was less in the comprehensive tending mode than in the non-interference mode,and the comprehensive tending mode reduced the calorific value of the surface fuel.3)Under the comprehensive tending mode,the ignition point of shrub and herb had a significant negative correlation with the calorific value(P<0.05),while the ignition point of litter and humus had no significant correlation with the calorific value(P>0.05).Under the non-interference mode,the ignition point of shrub and herb had no significant correlation with the calorific value(P>0.05),while the ignition point of litter and humus had a significant negative correlation with the calorific value(P<0.05).4)There was a significant positive correlation between ignition point and water content of different components of surface fuel under two management modes(P<0.05),and there was no significant correlation between calorific value and water content(P>0.05)(except herb in the non-interference mode).Compared with the non-interference mode,the comprehensive tending mode can improve the water content and ignition point of surface fuel,reduce the calorific value of surface fuel,and is conducive to reducing the combustibility of surface fuel and reducing the loss of forest resources.

Key words: management mode, natural secondary forest, surface fuel, water content, ignition point, calorific value

中图分类号: