Abstract: The reform of collective forest right system equally endows farmers with the contractual management right of collective forestland,the property right and disposition right of forests,the usufruct of products and the right of operation autonomy and ecological benefit compensation.Some farmers have suffered benefit loss due to several reasons,including:the contradiction between the property right attribute and the social attribute of contractual management right,the defects lying in the distribution mechanism of forestland income,the design deficiency of ecological benefit system and the lack of healthiness in the market of forestland circulation.This paper puts foward a thorough system to protect the farmers' interests.The protection system should cover the social security system maintaining the farmers' interests;the legal system ensuring farmers' rights of full disposal,the administrative mechanism to guard and respect farmers' right of operation autonomy and labor income and the complaints service mechanism for improving the farmers' overall interests.

Key words: collective forest right system, farmers' interests, protection system