Abstract: With Yunnan Xiaoheishan Nature Reserve as the research area,the paper analyzes the distribution and area change in the level one and level two ecological system by using Fragstats and Arcgis and selects patch number,average plate area,aggregation,sector average area and landscape connectivity 5 landscape index to analyze the landscape pattern and its change.The results show that the protection of the region of the grassland ecosystem area increased,the arable land reduced,and the cities and towns emerged in the period of ten years.The number of plaques within the area of protection increased by 36,average patch area decreased by 0.5485hm²,aggregation index increased by 2.7511,indicating that the regional landscape integrity degree was decreased.

Key words: Xiaoheishan Nature Reserve, ecological environment, the temporal and spatial dynamic