Abstract: In this paper,Hunan,a major forest province in Southern China,was chosen as a case study area,while spatially balanced sampling method and modified Whittaker plot design were applied to construct forest biodiversity monitoring network at provincial level after enforcing environmental factors impacting biodiversity were determined.Studies have shown that:1)compared with simple random sampling and systematic sampling,spatially balanced sampling has obviously advantages in reducing spatial autocorrelation and improving sampling efficiency and precision;2)modified Whittaker plot design can better analyze the species richness,average coverage,spatial distribution of species diversity;3)relying on continuous forest inventory system,by using spatially balanced sampling for forest biodiversity monitoring and modified Whittaker plot design for biodiversity survey,an economical affordable practical forest biodiversity monitoring network with statistical basis can be established at provincial level.

Key words: forest biodiversity monitoring, spatially balanced sampling, modified Whittaker plot design, continuous forest inventory system