Discussion on the Integration and Optimization of Natural Reserves in Qinghai Lake Basin

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.012

Abstract

Abstract:

In accordance with the “requirements of the guiding opinions on the establishment of a natural reserve system with national parks as the main body”(hereinafter referred to as“the Guiding Opinions”),based on the detailed investigation of all kinds of natural reserves at all levels in the Qinghai Lake Basin,this paper analyzes the problems of overlapping setting,multi management,unclear boundary,unclear rights and responsibilities,prominent contradiction between protection and development,etc.The integration and optimization methods are formulated,and the integration and optimization proposals are put forward and discussed.

Key words: nature reserve, existing problems, integrated optimization, discuss, Qinghai Lake Basin

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LIU Yong, FAN Lin, YANG Yonglin, LIU Nan. Discussion on the Integration and Optimization of Natural Reserves in Qinghai Lake Basin[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2020, (2): 73-78.

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Figures/Tables 7

Tab.1

List of administrative divisions of Qinghai Lake Basin

州	县	流域内乡(镇)数/个	流域内乡(镇)名称	流域内农牧企业
海北州	刚察	5	沙柳河、哈尔盖、泉吉、伊克乌兰、吉尔孟	青海湖农场、三角城种羊场、黄玉农场
海北州	海晏	5	青海湖、托勒、甘子河、金滩、三角城
海西州	天峻	10	新源、龙门、舟群、扎河、织合玛、快尔玛、生格、阳康、木里、苏里
海南州	共和	5	倒淌河、江西沟、黑马河、石乃亥、英德尔	湖东种羊场、青海湖渔场

Tab.1

Fig.1

Fig.1 Administrative division of Qinghai Lake Basin

Fig.1

Tab.2

The current situation of natural reserves in Qinghai Lake Basin

代码	名称	所在县	级别	批准面积/hm²	主管部门	主要保护对象
A05	青海湖国家级自然保护区	刚察、海晏; 共和	国家级	495200	青海湖景区保护利用管理局	青海湖及环湖湿地等湖泊湿地生态系统和普氏原羚等珍稀濒危野生动物及其栖息地
B09	青海湖裸鲤国家级水产种质资源保护区	刚察、海晏; 共和;天峻	国家级	3385700	农业	青海湖裸鲤、甘子河裸鲤、硬刺条鳅、斯氏条鳅、背斑条鳅、隆头条鳅
C01	青海湖国家级风景名胜区	刚察、海晏; 共和	国家级	757784	青海湖景区保护利用管理局	青海湖湿地生态系统及候鸟景观等重要资源
C06	天峻山省级风景名胜区	天峻	省级	9000	林业	天峻石林、天峻山等自然景观及宗教文化石刻人文景观
D05	青海湖国家地质公园	刚察;共和	国家级	20936	青海湖景区保护利用管理局	青海湖高原湖泊
F09	天峻布哈河国家湿地公园	天峻	国家级	7134	林业	沼泽、河流湿地生态系统、珍稀濒危水禽鸟类及其栖息地
F11	青海刚察沙柳河国家湿地公园	刚察	国家级	2981	林业	沼泽、河流湿地生态系统、珍稀濒危野生动物及其栖息地
G09	青海海晏县克土国家沙漠公园	海晏	国家级	299	林业	高寒沙漠生态系统及珍稀濒危野生动物资源
S01	青海湖鸟岛国际重要湿地	刚察;共和	国际级	53600	林业	青海湖栖息、繁衍的野生动物,青海湖湖体及其环湖湿地等脆弱的高原湖泊湿地生态系统。
S02	青海湖国家重要湿地	刚察、海晏; 共和	国家级	495200	林业	水禽鸟类、青海湖裸鲤

Tab.2

Fig.2

Distribution of current protected areas in Qinghai Lake Basin

Fig.2

Tab.3

Integration and optimization of natural reserves in Qinghai Lake Basin

代码	整合后保护地名称	整合前保护地名称	整合简要说明
A04	青海湖国家级自然保护区	青海湖国家级自然保护区青海湖国家级风景名胜区青海湖国家地质公园海晏县克土国家沙漠公园刚察沙柳河国家湿地公园	将青海湖国家级自然保护区、国家级风景名胜区、国家地质公园、海晏县克土国家沙漠公园整合为青海湖国家级自然保护区,以范围最大的国家级风景名胜区边界为基础,结合自然地形进行整合优化;将刚察沙柳河湿地公园与整合后保护区重叠区域并入保护区
C03	天峻山省级风景名胜区	天峻山省级风景名胜区	与其他保护地无交叉重叠,根据自然地形对原有边界进行适当优化
F05	天峻布哈河国家湿地公园	天峻布哈河国家湿地公园	与其他保护地无交叉重叠,根据自然地形对原有边界进行适当优化
F06	刚察沙柳河国家湿地公园	刚察沙柳河国家湿地公园	与整合后的青海湖国家级自然保护区重叠区域纳入保护区,其余范围保留刚察沙柳河国家湿地公园;依据自然地形、湿地分布对边界进行调整优化

Tab.3

Fig.3

Plan for integration and optimization of protected areas of Qinghai Lake Basin

Fig.3

Fig.4

Plan of protected area of Qinghai Lake Basin

Fig.4

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