Abstract:

Ecological sensitivity evaluation is a primary method for analyzing the stability of regional ecological environments,playing a significant role in the ecological protection,planning,and utilization of forest park Focusing Mangshan National Forest Park,this study constructed an ecological sensitivity evaluation index system by selecting 13 key indicators across factors such as terrain,vegetation,natural conditions,human activities,and landscape resources.The Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)was employed to determine the weights of these indicator factors.Geographic Information System(GIS),Remote Sensing(RS)technologies and Geo-detectors were utilized to analyze the ecological sensitivity and its driving factors.The results showed that:1)The ecological sensitivity of Mangshan National Forest Park exhibited distinct spatial heterogeneity,characterized by a pattern of being high in the east and low in the west,with high- and higher-sensitivity areas predominantly concentrated in the eastern region.2)The high- and higher-sensitivity areas,accounting for 15.13% of the total area,were primarily distributed in the Jiangjunzhai,Tiantai Mountain,Houwangzhai,and Linze Lake scenic areas.3)Moderate sensitivity areas were mainly distributed in the surrounding regions of Tiantai Mountain and Jiangjunzhai in the east,accounting for 19.87% of the total area.Low-sensitivity areas were mainly located in the central and western area,accounting for 30.21% of the total area.these regions were characterized by relatively low elevation and limited distribution of landscape resources.;4)The overall ecological sensitivity of Mangshan National Forest Park was dominated by low- and lower-sensitivity levels,exhibiting a pronounced trend of vertical zonality where sensitivity levels increased with elevation;5)Scenic resource density,cultural landscape elments,proximity to lakes,and elevation were identified as the main driving factors,all demonstrating strong synergistic effects.The interaction between scenic resource density and elevation was the most significant.Natural scenic resources,soil type,vegetation coverage,and road networks were secondary driving factors,while vegetation type,slope,proximity to rivers,land use type,and aspect demonstrated weaker explanatory power.This study revealed the spatial differentiation patterns and driving mechanisms of ecological sensitivity in Mangshan National Forest Park,providing a scientific basis for zone-based management and targeted conservation of the forest park.

Key words: Mangshan National Forest Park, geographic information system(GIS), ecological sensitivity, evaluation factors, Geodetector