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林草资源研究 ›› 2025›› Issue (6): 72-82.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.007

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

青海省东部主要乡土造林树种防火性能评价及筛选研究

王俏雨1,3(), 张宏巍2(), 胡淑蓉3, 王丽娜3   

  1. 1 青海大学 省部共建三江源生态和高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 西宁 810016
    2 国家林业和草原局林草调查规划院, 北京 100714
    3 青海省海东市平安区林业和草原局, 青海 海东 810600
  • 收稿日期:2026-07-19 修回日期:2025-11-16 出版日期:2025-12-28 发布日期:2026-04-17
  • 通讯作者: 张宏巍,高级工程师,主要从事自然资源资产、森林防火研究。Email:zhanghongwei0119@163.com
  • 作者简介:王俏雨,博士研究生,主要从事生态修复及荒漠化防治研究。Email:15297084668@163.com

Evaluation and screening of fire-resistant performance of major native afforestation tree species in eastern Qinghai Province

WANG Qiaoyu1,3(), ZHANG Hongwei2(), HU Shurong3, WANG Lina3   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
    2 Academy of Forestry Inventory and Planning.National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100714, China
    3 Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Ping'an District, Haidong City,Qinghai Province, Haidong 810600,Qinghai, China
  • Received:2026-07-19 Revised:2025-11-16 Online:2025-12-28 Published:2026-04-17

摘要:

通过对青海省东部地区乡土造林树种防火性评价,明确不同树种的防火性能差异及应用价值,为区域森林防火与林业生态建设提供理论依据与实践参考。研究选取青海省东部地区14个主要乡土造林树种,测定不同器官(叶、枝)的理化性质与燃烧性能(含水率、燃点、热值、灰分、粗脂肪),采用层次分析法,从理化燃烧特性、生物生态特性、造林经济特性三个层面建立综合防火性能评价指标模型。综合得出14个树种防火性能排序,由强到弱依次为:白榆、拧条锦鸡儿、红柳、毛白杨、山杨、山生柳、水栒子、青海云杉、红桦、花楸、油松、银露梅、祁连圆柏、沙棘。白榆、拧条锦鸡儿、红柳、毛白杨、山杨为青海省东部地区防火林带营造的适宜乡土树种;油松、银露梅、祁连圆柏、沙棘不适合作为防火树种营造为纯林林带。

关键词: 森林防火, 青海省, 防火树种, 防火性能, 乡土树种

Abstract:

By evaluating the fire resistance of native afforestation tree species in eastern Qinghai Province,this study clarifies the disparities in fire resistance and the application value of different species,providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for regional forest fire prevention and forestry ecological construction.This study focus on 14major native afforestation tree species in eastern region of Qinghai Province.The physicochemical properties and combustibility traits(moisture content,ignition point,calorific value,ash content,crude fat)of their different organs(leaves and branches)were determined.Utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),a comprehensive fire resistance evaluation index model was established based on three dimensions:physicochemical combustion properties,bio-ecological characteristics,and afforestation economic traits.The comprehensive ranking of fire resistance performance of the 14 tree species was obtained in descending order as follow:Ulmus pumila,Caragana korshinskii,Tamarix chinensis,Populus tomentosa Carrière,Populus davidiana,Salix oritrepha,Cotoneaster multiflorus,Picea crassifolia,Betula albosinensis,Sorbus pohuashanensis,Pinus tabuliformis,Potentilla glabra,Sabina przewalskii,Hippophae rhamnoides.The results showed that among the tree species in eastern Qinghai Province,Ulmus pumila is a native afforestation tree species with strong fire-resistant,wide adaptability,and economic applicability,followed by Caragana korshinskii,Tamarix chinensis,Populus tomentosa,Populus davidiana,etc.Pinus tabuliformis,Potentilla glabra,Sabina przewalskii,and Hippophae rhamnoides are not suitable for ultivation as pure stands for fire prevention.The study screened out native fire-resistant tree species suitable for the local area,providing theoretical support for considerations related to forest fire prevention in regional afforestation.

Key words: forest fire prevention, Qinghai Province, fire-resistant tree species, fire resistant performance, native tree species

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