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林草资源研究 ›› 2025›› Issue (6): 38-47.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.004

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于生态补偿优先级的四川省森林生态补偿差异化标准研究

林波(), 刘海彬   

  1. 四川省林业和草原调查规划院, 成都 610000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-13 修回日期:2025-11-28 出版日期:2025-12-28 发布日期:2026-04-17
  • 作者简介:林波,高级工程师,博士,主要研究方向为自然保护地、湿地保护、生态补偿。Email:254060621@qq.com

Study on differentiated standard for forest eco-compensation in Sichuan Province based on ecological compensation priorities sequence

LIN Bo(), LIU Haibin   

  1. Sichuan Provincial Institute of Forestry and Grassland Inventory and Planning, Chengdu 610000, China
  • Received:2025-08-13 Revised:2025-11-28 Online:2025-12-28 Published:2026-04-17

摘要:

建立和完善森林生态补偿标准体系,是贯彻落实《生态保护补偿条例》、健全生态环境保护长效机制、加快推进生态文明建设的重要举措。基于四川省森林生态系统建立和维护的直接成本、损失的机会成本和生态系统服务功能价值,构建多维度补偿标准测算体系,并引入基于恩格尔系数的Pearl生长模型修正系数,测算四川省森林生态补偿标准;同时,依据生态补偿优先级(ECPS)差异量化21个市(州)获得生态补偿的紧迫性,并结合生态公益林和天然商品林占国土面积的比重,测算区域差异化补偿标准。结果表明:1)四川省森林生态补偿最低标准、最高标准及现阶段相对可行标准分别为6 991.4、60 123.6和3 176.6元/(hm2·a);机会成本在最低补偿标准中占主导,市(州)间补偿标准差异显著。2)生态补偿优先级ECPS为0.04~19.92,甘孜、阿坝、凉山、雅安等6个市(州)为“高生态服务价值输出,低经济发展水平”区域,应优先获得补偿。3)生态公益林和天然商品林面积与生态重要区域分布格局一致;差异化的补偿标准与生态公益林和天然商品林占比呈正相关,即占比每增加1%,补偿标准约增加78元/(hm2·a)。研究结果可有效识别优先补偿区域,为实施差异化的生态补偿、构建基于森林面积占比的横向补偿机制提供简单可靠的指标支撑,并为森林生态补偿标准的确定提供科学的量化依据。

关键词: 森林, 生态补偿, 补偿标准, 生态补偿优先级

Abstract:

Establishing and improving the forest ecological compensation standard system is a crucial measure for implementing the Regulations on Ecological Protection Compensation and advancing ecological civilization construction.It holds significant importance for establishing a long-term mechanism for ecological environmental protection and accelerating the progress of ecological civilization.To refine the forest ecological compensation standard system and provide a basis for policy formulation,this study develops a multidimensional compensation standard calculation framework based on the direct costs of establishing and maintaining the forest ecosystem in Sichuan Province,the opportunity costs incurred,and the value of ecosystem services.By introducing an Engel coefficient-modified Pearl growth model,is introduced to estimate the forest ecological compensation standards in Sichuan Province.Additionally,the urgency of receiving ecological compensation for 21 cities(prefectures)is quantified according to differences in Ecological Compensation Priority Sequence,and regional compensation differential standards are calculated based on the proportion of ecological public welfare forests and natural commercial forests to the total land area.The results indicate:1)The minimum,maximum,and currently feasible standards for forest ecological compensation in Sichuan Province are 6 991.4 yuan/(hm2·a)、60 123.6 yuan/(hm2·a)and 3 176.6 yuan/(hm2·a),respectively,opportunity costs dominate the minimum compensation,and there are significant differences in compensation standards among cities.2)The Ecological Compensation Priority Sequence ranges from 0.04 to 19.92.Six cities(prefectures),including Ganzi、Aba、Liangshan and Ya’an,are identified as regions with "high ecological service value output but low economic development levels" and should be prioritized for compensation.3)The distribution of ecological public welfare forests and natural commercial forests aligns with areas of high ecological importance.The differentiated compensation standards show a positive correlation with the proportion of these forests,meaning that for every 1% increase in their proportion,the compensation standard rises by approximately 78 yuan/(hm2·a).The findings of this study can effectively identify priority areas for compensation,provide a simple and reliable indicator for implementing differentiated ecological compensation and establishing a horizontal compensation mechanism based on forest area proportion,and offer a scientifically quantified basis for determining forest ecological compensation standards.

Key words: forest, eco-compensation, compensation standard, eco-compensation priority sequence

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